Video Games And Its Effects - 2558 Words

Introduction In early 1970s, the mass production of computer and video games became a common theme in most developed countries. However, their popularity was accompanied by as much contention. Fuelled by the ever increasing popularity of the industry and the economic significance of the information technology industry, negative findings such as gaming addiction, epilepsy, and violent crime, has been the subject of debate. On the other hand, many scholars, video game developers and other scholars have cited numerous studies to support possible benefits of video games. Video games have been hypothesized to promote ICT skills, to be critical motivational factors for sports training and formal education. In today’s IT age, video games and sophisticated computer simulations are being used in training to simulate real life situations such as in driving, combat and flight. In addition, it has been incorporated in formal education, and educators are using IT to promote learning. It is clear that it and video games forms an integral part of everyday activity of millions of kids in the United States and other countries. Understanding their impact on gamers, especially young gamers are critical in ensuring children are not victims of advancing technology. Although frequent video gaming is associated to some extent with improved learning and cognitive processes, the overall effects tend to be negative. First, video gaming impacts the academic performance of a learner negativelyShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Video Games On The Video Game Industry Essay1238 Words   |  5 Pagesthe network effects in the video game industry? The network effects in the video game industry are derived from the console system that is sold to consumers. If a company is able to increase penetration in this arena, though at-cost/ below-cost pricing or pull created through the development of desirable content, it can potentially lock in the added value of the video games sold for the system. Which is to say, the console locks-in the network effects in the industry and the games serve to reapRead MoreVideo Games and Violent Video Games Effect1225 Words   |  5 Pages A video game is â€Å"an electronic game in which players control images on a television or computer screen† (Merriam-Webster). Video games have been entertaining and challenging gamers since the Game Boy to modern console games. Despite the simplicity of the definition of video games, a video game, especially ones containing violence can have a large effect on the gamer. Because of the realism and advancements in the video game industry, video games can influence the player, and can make the gamerRead MoreVideo Games And Its Effects872 Words   |  4 PagesVideo Games 2 Everyone has their outlet, whether it’s reading, working out, or just hanging out with a friend for a bit; life is crazy and having a way to let out stress is a healthy way of living. Although this is true, one outlet of stress that is becoming larger and larger throughout the years is video games. It was an obvious theme throughout Ready Player One that the world they were living in was so corrupt, that an alternate world was a better option to live in than reality. The world weRead MoreThe Effect Of Video Games992 Words   |  4 PagesThe Effect of Video Games â€Å"In 1972, the Surgeon General issued the following warning on violent TV programs: â€Å"It is clear to me that the causal relationship between televised violence and antisocial behavior is sufficient to warrant appropriate and immediate remedial action. †¦ There comes a time when the data are sufficient to justify action. That time has come.†Ã¢â‚¬  (Steinfeld, 1972). In the decades since hundreds of studies have been done on the effects of violent media exposure and violence. Read MoreVideo Games And Its Effects947 Words   |  4 Pagesplaying video games! I started noticing that he was acting different. And many times he wanted to be playing these video games while we were eating or visiting relatives. This situation was very uncomfortable for me. After a few months he was spending more time playing the same games over and over. Eventually, it was normal for him to get back from school and go directly to his room to play video games. My son was putting aside the illusion of having a new bike and have gone to the video games. Read MoreVideo Games And Its Effects1489 Words   |  6 PagesVideo games have drastically altered since the 1980s, they are now more visual, alongside technological advancements, they have become more immersive, so immersive that video games have become an obsession—in fact a deadly obsession. On a Wednesday night in early February 2012, Chen Rong- Yu †a binge gamer,† was found dead â€Å"in the chair from which he’d been engaged in a marathon gaming session.† What makes this case extreme is that he was slumped in his chair with both arms stiffened in a postureRead MoreVideo Games And Its Effects1074 Words   |  5 PagesVideo games have some adverse effects, but they are also valuable learning tools. Research about the role of video games as instruments of higher education is inadequate. The data is also limited by the lack of long-term studies and inconsistent findings. Anyone that has not participated in the activity of playing video games may look down on those that do, because it is not seen generally as a productive use of one’s own time. If playing video games were to be compared to other activities that areRead MoreVideo Game : The Positive Effects Of Video Games716 Words   |  3 Pageschildhood, I have always enjoyed video games, though I am not proud of this statement. During elementary school I would finish my homework straight when I get home, then continue to play video games. It’s not that I was addicted to gaming, but I really felt that there was nothing else I would want to do. One might argue that I could have gone outside or made art, but I had nobody to go outside with, or make art with, so the easy activity to do was to sit and play video games. I was still active in soccerRead MoreVideo Games And Its Effects1790 Words   |  8 PagesVideo games are a basis of entertainment for numerous people worldwide, and its users have been growing continuously over the years. It is a source of digit al entertainment which does not generate violent crimes and behaviour. Today, in the United States 91% of adolescents between the years of 2 and 17 are video game users(NPD Group,2011). A national illustrative study of U.S. adolescents established that about 99% of boys and 94% of girls are video game users (Lenhart et al., 2008). Vast majorityRead MoreVideo Games And Its Effects2390 Words   |  10 Pages Are video games actually as evil as many make them out to be? Some recent studies show that this may not be the case. Video games are a somewhat recently developed technology that was created sometime around the 1950s and over time, games have become more and more sophisticated, leading to new genres and purposes. In recent years, there have been major advances in not only how video games are played, but also how popular they have come in our culture, becoming a part of almost every young adult

Professional Ethics Case Example Ethical Dilemma

Professional Ethics Case Example In the world of marriage and family therapy today, it is not uncommon to run into an ethical dilemma. As our profession is rooted in emotion, there is always the possibility that boundaries will be crossed, secrets revealed, or an uncomfortable situation encountered. In this paper, I will be displaying/examining ethical dilemmas within psychology. To do that I will be presenting a case and going through it step by step using the Koocher and Keith-Spiegel model of ethical decision making, as outlined by Wilcoxon, A. (2014). My goal is to demonstrate proper use of the model and show how ethical dilemmas are not only complicated, but can arise from the simplest of situations. Case Example Wilcoxon, A. (2014) Case 13: A young women asked a marriage and family therapist if she could attend a therapy session with her parents, who were seeing the therapist to resolve their marital discord. The women conveyed that she was feeling very depressed over her parents’ conflicts and sought desperately to help them in any way she could. The parents had expressed strong feelings of anger and resentment about their daughter’s continuing interference in their lives. Without considering the possible negative impact of the daughter’s presence during a session or forewarning the daughter of her parent’s intense hostility, the therapist agreed (with the parents’ consent) to allow the daughter to attend the next session. The parents verbally attacked her, and sheShow MoreRelatedEthics And Morals Of Social Work Practice1068 Words   |  5 PagesTopic: Ethics and Morals of Social Work Practice. Our everyday interactions are underpinned by ethics. Social work in its sectors deals with people in multiple and complex situations. Social workers largely work with people that are affected by different life aspects such as ethnicity, disabilities and culture. The fundamental concern for social work is to understand how these aspects affect the individuals. Applying normative ethical theory, processes of ethical analysis. Virtue ethics concernedRead MoreEthical Issues Of Social Work Practice1093 Words   |  5 Pages Topic: Ethical issues in Social Work Practice. Our everyday interactions are underpinned by ethics. Social work in its sectors deals with people in multiple and complex situations. Social workers largely work with people who are affected by different life aspects such as ethnicity, disabilities and culture. The fundamental concern for social work is to understand how these aspects affect the individuals. Applying normative ethical theory processes of ethical analysis Virtue ethics concernedRead MoreThe Ethics And Social Welfare1568 Words   |  7 PagesThe Case: Banks (2006) claims that dilemmas occur when individuals encounter two equally unwelcoming alternatives for a choice, potentially involving a conflict of moral values. The assumption is both judgements can be affirmed; it constitutes situations in which individuals need to make choices given different equally compelling moral options. However, rarely are ethical choices simple; most decisions are restricted and invokes internal conflict as dilemmas highlight the differences and those conflictsRead MoreEthical Issues Of A Profession Of Interest1694 Words   |  7 PagesThis report focuses on ethical issues in relation to a profession of interest. The profession of interest chosen for this report is counselling. This was done through sourcing of relevant documents related to the profession. The potential ethical dilemma (case study) that would be discussed looks at the confidentiality that exists between a counsellor and client. Ethical approaches that were recognized when making deci sions in the text would be highlighted. Introduction Profession of interest CounsellingRead MoreEthical Values in Social Work Essay example1381 Words   |  6 Pagesvalues and ethical dilemmas What are values, ethics, ethical dilemmas and a code of ethics? Values relate to principles and attitudes that provide direction to everyday living. Values also refer to beliefs or standards considered desirable by a culture, group or individual (AASW). Similar to values, but slightly different, ethics means a system of beliefs held about what constitutes moral judgement and right conduct, they are moral principles (rules, guides) (AASW). So an ethical dilemma is thenRead MoreThe Trials Of The Nuremberg1630 Words   |  7 PagesDoctors Trial of 1946 is the preeminent case recognizing the importance of medical ethics and human rights specifically about human research subjects. The defendants in the trials include Nazi leadership, physicians, and investigators prosecuted for conducting unethical and inhumane medical experiments on civilians and prisoners of war resulting in extreme pain, suffering, permanent injury and often death. The Nuremberg Code, borne of these trials, establishes ethical guidelines for human experimentationRead MoreThe Eth ical Landscape Of Public Relations950 Words   |  4 PagesSection 1: The Ethical Landscape: An ethical dilemma occurs when elements of a moral system conflict, but it can be thought out rationally. Given this definition there has to be a guideline for professionals to follow who deal with ethical dilemmas on a daily basis. Usually ethical dilemmas do not have a happy ending, but there has to be a way to make the situation better. There are many guidelines or codes professionals have to abide by to keep an outstanding reputation and their job. I delve intoRead MoreLegal Professional Personal Values And Ethics1044 Words   |  5 PagesEthics Introduction What is ethics, and what does it have to do with personal and professional points of view? This paper will address how one’s personal and/or professional point of view influence ethical decisions in the work place and the leadership traits that are necessary to make those decision. Also provided in this paper will be several examples of cases where individual personal point of view caused them to make professional decisions that had an adverse reaction on those they serve. EthicsRead MoreThe Noble Field Of Law1700 Words   |  7 PagesFor decades, those who have chosen to enter the noble field of law have been subject to guidelines governing how legal professionals are expected to behave. The history of those guidelines is actually quite interesting. If traced back as far as possible, the rules that govern moral and ethical expectations of lawyers, judges, and other legal professionals were derived from ethical theory articulated by some of the greatest minds of the nineteenth century. One such publication was David Hoffman sRead MoreImportance of Ethical Theory in Nursing1322 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The concept of ethical nursing and culturally competent care are becoming more and more important in the contemporary nursing practice (Smith Godfrey,2002).Despite their general appreciation in nursing practice, challenges and dilemma often clouds their application in a world which is continually being marked with a culturally diverse and demanding population. In this paper we present a critical review of ethics and cultural competence in professional nursing practice with a clear

Essay drawing on ethnographic studies on drug use Example For Students

Essay drawing on ethnographic studies on drug use The global commission on drugs has put forward a new set of recommendations to help reduce the harmful effects of drug taking and the illicit drug trade. Firstly, a short review of the current reasons buy the afar on drugs has failed will be completed. Then using ethnographic drug studies drawn from several different sources, this essay Will critically discuss each Of the recommendations put forward by the global commission on drugs, specifically focusing on why these recommendations have been made and What effects they hope to have on the current illicit drug trade. Finalized with a conclusion from the arguments made. Has the war on drugs failed? The war on drugs sis failure in its own rights. Drug use and trafficking is still sing despite the majority of law enforcements effort being aimed at drug users. According to Minor, A-J. And Wallows, K. (2010). An estimated $41. 3 billion would be saved from enforcement and incarnation costs if illicit drugs for personal use were discriminative. Enforcement is also aimed towards users rather than organized criminals, which massively undermines users health and safety and human rights. It further fuels crime why increasing drug prices making it more attractive tort potential criminals and harder tort users to buy encouraging them to commit crimes. The unstable, vulnerable environments rated by unregulated drug markets are easily exploited by drug producers and undermines economies. According to Kitchen, N. (2012), the war on drugs has been an ongoing failure yet it is still been allowed to continue so this essay will discuss the recommendations put forward by the global commission on drugs and what outcomes they will have on the harmful effects of illicit drugs. The recommendations made by the Global Commission on Drugs (2014). Are Put peoples health and safety first End the crystallization and incarceration Of people that use drugs Refocus enforcement responses to drug trafficking and organized crime Ensure access to essential medicines and pain control Regulate drug markets to put governments in control Critical Discussion Put peoples health and safety first Current methods of law enforcement are targeted mainly at the end users of drugs. The users that are addicted and solely purchase drugs for personal use. They kick at the outcomes Of policing such as amounts seized or arrests made, rather than looking at the processes used to reduce the harmful effects Of drug use. Bourgeois, P and Schoenberg, J. (2009). Witnessed the positive effects of numerous different approaches to reducing the associated risk of drug use. These included mobile abscess clinics, mobile methadone clinics and mobile psychiatric clinics all attended by non-judgmental staff that saw the user as an individual requiring treatment. They also noted that the current way of approaching drug users created a permanent social underclass, leaving these users vulnerable to police harassment, judgmental or ineffective rehab treatments and poor medical support. The cost of alternative preventative treatments such as mobile abscess clinics are less expensive than the inevitable outcome of many users having to attend an emergency room at a later date. It has been suggested through this study that ongoing support, preventative treatments and understanding medical staff have a higher success rate in helping individuals become rehabilitated and stay rehabilitated and are less expensive than the current punitive ways of approaching the problem, If this is the case, when evidence suggests a more cost effective and successful method is available, why is this current system still continuing? According to Dixon, D Maier, L. (2009). Rug users are aware of the risks associated with sharing needles, however with current regulation making it illegal to carry Duds, police ill target known drug users and confiscate or ask needles to be destroyed with the idea that this will stop the user injecting drugs. Dixon and Maier (2003) observed that all this actually did was put the drug user in a position where they would expose themselves to numerous and highly dangerous blood borne diseases by sharing needles with other users. It appears even the ri sk Of contracting HIVE was still not a deterrent from injecting drugs. It appears the intention behind confiscating or destroying needles is to deter drug use. But is this the real motivation? If a current system actually indirectly promotes he sharing of needles and doesnt offer the appropriate support, how can it be regarded as a system that reduces the harm drugs create? It doesnt. The current system is focused on zero tolerance regarding drugs which creates an environment of satisfaction and extremely unsafe incapable use toward a group of people that are already extremely vulnerable. A system is needed that stops the incarceration and crystallization of drug users. Sand Drawing EssayBut where does this leave the individuals that rely on the drug trade to make money to support their families? What measures would be put in place to help support the people at the bottom that have no other way to make money? Without the conflict of drugs and violence in a community, what steps need to be put in place to ensure that another drug boss doesnt take their place? The answer could be drug regulation. By accepting that drugs will always exist and will always be used, then the regulation Of drug markets by local governments seems like an appropriate and effective way to manage drug use. If a more targeted effort is made to eliminate organized crime and drug cartels, what will it be replaced with? Regulation and decommissioning drugs can help reduce the harmful effects of drugs within a community by allowing governments to take control of something that is effectively unstoppable. As previously discussed, no amount of stringent punishment or associated health risks can or will deter a drug seer or an individual involved with drugs if it means they can support their family or themselves. By focusing on regulation and legalizing governments can look at the real side effects of drug use and reduce social and individual harm. Several countries have already tried and stressfully seen results trot the desalination of personal drugs. According to the COAT report, one of the biggest fears surrounding legalization and desalination is that there will be a marked increase in drug use or has there been an increase in drug tourism. This study shows that in nearly all measurable meaningful effects of characterization have been positive The number of users has declined and are much lower than countries that still have crystallization in effect, the number of drug related deaths has declined and the reported cases of HIVE and AIDS has declined. This suggests that the laws in place to stop people using drugs, really have little to no effect as a deterrent, if this was the case then there would be an increase in usage once drugs were discriminative. According to a study compiled by Van deer Hear, J. (1996). Decentralization does not increase drug usage or increase drug tourism and has reduced crime. All the studies used in this essay, all agree that users are aware Of the risks and When they can Will choose the safest approach, in this case choosing a regulated retail outlet over a drug dealer. By taking away the profits from the dealers, the option to become a drug dealer becomes less appealing. Regulation also generates more income through VAT from coffee shops and saves money from incarceration and policing. Money that can then be used to help the reduction of violent crimes and to also support medical and rehabilitation centers. Ensure access to essential medicines and pain intro. Throughout the world humans have a right to have the medicines they need and for treatment of acute pain, An ethnographic study completed by Clearly, L, Powell, R. A. , Immune, G. Et al. (2013). Suggests that the use to avoids is stigmatize, limited access to treatment, medical staff lack education and there is tight legislation around the use of avoids. This can lead to families seeking their own form of illicit pain control and further fuelling criminal activity. Conclusion The main goal of the war on drugs was eradication of drug use completely and therefore reduce crime. Its zero tolerance agenda and unrealistic goal has made it a fail on many terms. Drug use and production still rises, despite the millions incarcerated, rising drug prices encourages more individuals to sell and produce and forces users to commit crimes and millions go without the appropriate medical attention required. A permanent social underclass has been created by heavy handed approaches to personal drug users, with incarceration and criminal records making it even harder for them regain control. Many successful trials and studies have taken place into the disintermediation of drugs, all with costive outcomes related to use and reduced mortality and disease rates.

Irish Immigration Essay Example

Irish Immigration Paper The United States of America is a country composed of many nations. Since its colonial era, people from all over the world has immigrated to America in pursuit of a dream. One of the largest an successful groups of settlers is the Irish immigrants one. This essay will trace the history of the Irish immigrants and their experience in America. . Encouraged by King Charles II, the Irish American immigrants were one of the first nations to settle in America. Escaping from an Ireland marked by economic discrimination, the first group of Irish immigrants arrived in America during the First Wave of Immigration, period between 1680-1776. This first group, known as Scots-Irish, spread over the country according to their preference for land. Their decentralization resulted in the weakening of their culture. During the Second Wave of Immigration to America in the 1800s, internal factors once again led the Irish to leave their homeland, thus America seemed to be the promising land: gold was discovered, high demand for workers, immigration encouraged by the American government and high wages. However, in the 1830s the Irish immigrants started to suffer discrimination. Religious opposition and attempt to Americanize their children were the most serious offense against their culture. Catholic churches and convents were burnt, and controversies raised about the content taugh in public schools. During the period of the First and Second Wave, the Irish came to America in pursuit of economic and social freedom. Ireland was under the English influence and the Irish culture was being depreciated. Their language was being lost and they suffered religion persecution due their catholic roots. We will write a custom essay sample on Irish Immigration specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Irish Immigration specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Irish Immigration specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Economic factors also influenced the Irish to emigrate. The rapid population growth in Europe and the Agricultural Revolution forced the closure of common land, leaving many farmers without a job. The Industrial Revolution absorbed a certain level of manpower, but it was not enough to cover the whole unemployed population. Therefore, America was seen as the land of hope. The Third (1890- 1930) and Fourth (1965 to present) Immigration Wave is marked by immigration policies. The rate of immigration from Ireland to America decreases, and the Irish community in the USA succeeds. The Irish succeeded greatly in America. Economically speaking, they achieved much more than they would have in Ireland, they supported and offered a better life to their families. Culturally, they absorbed and influenced the American culture, and also retained their pride and roots. They became from elected leaders, such as the former President John F. Kennedy and Ronald Reagan, to celebrities, such as Sean Penn and Ben Afflec. Encouraged by the English King and the economic and social issues in Ireland, the Irish emigrated to America in pursuit of a dream. Along its history in America, they were victim of discrimination and religious opposition, together with attempts to undermine their culture and beliefs. In spite of these hard times, they achieve economic success and a cultural equilibrium, establishing themselves as one of the most successful groups of immigrants in the USA. Sources: U. S. Census Bureau. http://www. census. gov/Press-Release/www/releases/archives/facts_for_features_special_editions/006328. html . Acessed on 2010-04-18 Mauk, D. , Oakland, J. American Civilization. London: Routledge.

Kentucky Fried Chicken History free essay sample

The company operates with five long-term measures identified as essentials of corporate growth and progress .. 1 International Expansion Yum! Brands number-one goal is to drive global expansion with its category- leading brands. In 2002, the company opened a record 1,051 new international estaurants and increased international system sales 9% prior to foreign currency conversion. 2. Multibrand Innovation Expansion Yum! Brands is the worldwide leader in multibranding, offering consumers more choice and convenience at one restaurant location from a combination of two of the companys brands. The company and its franchisees today operate over 1,975 multibrand restaurants, generating over $2 billion in annual system sales. Approximately 350 new systemwide multibrand restaurants were opened in 2002. 3. Portfolio of Category-Leading U. S. Brands U. S. ystemwide same-store sales increased approximately 4% while U. S. same-store sales at company restaurants increased approximately 2% in 2002. We will write a custom essay sample on Kentucky Fried Chicken History or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 4. Global Franchise Fees Global franchise fees, a significant factor in annual profits and cash flow, grew 6% to $866 million. Global franchise net restaurant growth was 2% in 2002. 5. Strong Cash Generation and Returns Yum! Brands generated over $1. 3 billion in cash from all sources in 2002, more than fully funding capital expenditure needs, allowing free cash flow for share repurchase, and some repayment of debt. Return on invested capital is 18%, in the estaurant industrys top tier. Culture Big on diversity in the workplace Promotes differences in background, ethnic cultures, and values oriented environment Focuses on teaching everybody something new Promotes unity in the workplace Team- Focuses on building relationships and creating diversity and commitment within the company and amongst employees and customers Organizational Structure and Design KFC is part of a divisional structure, which is Yum! Brands, Inc. Long John Silvers, AW, Taco Bell, and Pizza Hut are the other divisions Offers positions to change and growth KFC works to bring recognition and money to Yum! Brands, Human Resource Management We wont make you wing it is KFCs motto when it comes to training employees. Training includes: 1) Workbooks 2) Quizzes 3) On-the-Job competency based training Employees are encouraged to work together as a team their people grow to their highest potential interesting and exciting for workers Social Responsibility KFC is committed to making sure KFC does their best to make the Job KFC has made it their responsibility to consumers that they will provide quality chicken in a fast, efficient way. They also say that their meat comes about ethically and through humane treatment. This has not always proved true in the past, since the PETA has become involved with their warehouses that grow the chickens. KFC has made statements to the patrons of KFC, though, that the chickens will not be treated badly in the progression from birth to the processing plant. KFC sponsors a reward for senior citizens, those who live life to the fullest and are recognized in their community KFC also has the Colonels Kids program, a charity organization that helps kids become educated and grow up in a better world han that which they have known. It addresses the child care crisis and steps up to the plate to help out where possible. Scholarships and diversity programs are a part of KFCs social responsibility as well Recently, the PETA group secretly recorded a worker at the Pilgrims Pride, one of the processing plants, beating a live chicken against the wall in order to kill it. As soon as KFC was notified of this treatment, they immediately submitted a written statement saying that the treatment was appalling and took action immediately, placing an animal welfare expert at the plant to ensure he ethical, humane treatment of the chickens. The statement said that: We do not tolerate animal abuse by any of our suppliers, under any circumstance. KFC also told the company Pilgrims Pride that, unless they can definitively assure us there are absolutely no abuses taking place, we will not purchase from this Moorefield, West Virginia, facility. PETA says that more action should be taken, but KFC has done all it can to ensure that people are happy with the facilities and means by which their food comes about.

Music Appreciation Final Exam Essays

Music Appreciation Final Exam Essays Music Appreciation Final Exam Paper Music Appreciation Final Exam Paper Essay Topic: Poetry A melodic line that moves by small intervals is called consonant false A second melody played against the first is called a countermelody true In scientific terms, pitch is determined by its frequency true Melody is a concept that occurs only in Western music false The distance between two pitches is called an interval The high point of a melodic line is considered its cadence false The term referring to the overall shape of a melody is contour A succession of single tones or pitches perceived as a unit is called a melody The distance between the highest and lowest tones of a melody is called the range Twinkle Twinkle little star is an example of triple meter false Melodies that move principally by small, connected intervals are conjunct true Beats that are more strongly emphasized than others are said to be accented In triple meter, the strongest pulse occurs on the first beat Meter is marked off in groupings known as measures Meters in which each beat is subdivided into three rather than two are known as compound meters Music that moves without a strong sense of a beat or a meter is called nonmetric Organizing patterns of rhythmic pulses are called meters The deliberate shifting of the accent to a weak beat or an offbeat is called syncopation The element of music that organizes movement in time is rhythm The first accented beat of a measure is called downbeat A collection of pitches arranged in ascending or descending order is called scale A combonation of three or more tones that constitutes a single block of harmony is called a chord A combination of tones that is discordant and unstable produces a consonance false An interval spanning eight notes is called an octave The distance and relationship between two tones is refer to as an interval A triad is the most common chord type found n western music, a three note chord, built on alternate scale steps, The first note of the scale is called the tonic A combination of tones that sounds discordant, unstable, or in need of resolution is called a dissonance The principle organization around a central tone is called tonality A triad is a chord made up of three tones true The smallest interval in the Western musical system is the half step A 12 tone scale, including all semitones of the octave is called chromatic The musical symbol # represents a sharp On the piano, the black key between the white keys C and D is called C-sharp or D-flat The triad built on the first note of the scale is called the tonic In harmon, the___is considered a place of rest and return tonic The three basic triads in the Western musical system are the tonic, the dominant, and the subdominant A sharp lowers a musical tone by a half step false A key is a group of related tones with a common center, the tonic, toward which the other tones gravitate True A major scale can begin on any of the twelve semitones of the octave true The element that describes the musical fabric, or the relationship of musical lines within a work, is called texture A texture featuring a single, unaccompanied line is called monophonic When a melody is combined with an ornamental version of itself, often heard in jazz, the resulting texture is heterophony When two or more independent melodic lines are combined, the resulting texture is called polyphony A texture in which a single voices takes over the melodic interest while the accompanying voices are subordinate is called homophony The texture in which all the voices move in the same rhythm is called homrhythm In imitation, a melodic idea in one voice is restated in another true What quality of a work of art refuses to its structure or shape The basic structural concepts in the element form are repetition and contrast A vocal work in which each poetic stanza is sung to the same melody in strophic form The technique through which performers create music on the spot is known as improvisation The form based on a statement and a departure without a return to the complete opening statement binary A sining style that features a leader who is imitated by a group is called call and response Ternary form is best outlined as A-B-C true The rate of speed at which a piece of music is played is its tempo Music that sounds despairing and sad usually has a ____ tempo slow In what language are tempo marking generally given italian Which of the following tempo markings does NOT indicate a slow tempo presto The degree of loudness or softness, or volume, at which music is played is called dynamics Which of the following dynamic markings markings is the softest pianissimo (pp) The term non lexical refers to a text that consists of nonsense syllables Scat-singing is a common in jazz The language of the Roman Empire and the Roman Catholic Church through most of history was Latin The setting of one note per syllable is called syllabic The extended melodic line on the word rejoice in Handels Messiah is a melisma The use of a few notes for each syllable is called neumatic The term song technically refers to all music, with out without words False Vocal music must use recognizable words False The vernacular is a common language of the people true The quality of sound that distinguishes one instrument or voice from another is timbre The term timbre refers to the color of a tone A specific area within the range of a voice or instrument, such as high, middle, or low, is called its register The standard ranges of the human voice, from highest to lowest, are soprano, alto, tenor, bass The generally accepted term for the high male vocal range is tenor Instruments that produce sounds by using air s the vibrating means are called aerophones Instruments that produce sounds from a vibrating string are called chordophones How do performers cause idiophones to produce sounds by shaking, scraping, or striking the instrument itself Drum-type instruments fall into the category of membranophones Throughout history, the voice has been a model for instrumentalists and instrument builders True Flutes and whistles are classified as idiophones false The history of Western music begins Which of the following institutions supported Renaissance society the church, the city and state, the aristocratic courts Most of the surviving music from the early Middle Ages is secular false Which of the following does NOT characterize plainchant triadic harmonies A setting of Gregorinan chant with one note or syllable is called syllabic Which of the following women was a religious leader and prominent figure in literature and music Hildegard of Bingen On which liturgical occasion was Hildegards Alleluia, O virgo mediatrix sung a feast day for the Virgin Mary The knowledge of early civilizations and the culture of the Middle Ages were preserved largely in monasteries true The order of church services and the structure of each service are known as liturgy true The earliest type of polyphony was organum The first major center of polyphony was Notee Dame Cathedral in Paris Which of the following does NOT describe Gaude Maria virgo accompaniment with musical instruments Each musical line in Gaude Maria virgo has the same rhythmic activity false Organum was freely composed, with no preexisting basis false The tradition of troubadours and trouveres developed in france Which of the following was NOT a subject reflected in the poems of the troubadours and trouveres the rebirth of classical learning During the 14th century, a style of music developed that became known as the Ars nova The outstanding composer-poet of the Ars nova was Machaut The french courtly love song of the middle ages was called the chanson Troubadours and trouveres were medieval musicians often living on the fringes of society false The expressive device that Renaissance composers used to pictoralize words musically called word-painting Where was the madrigal first developed Italy Madrigals with simpler and more accessible text were especially favored in England Which of the following best described the character of Farmers Fair Phyllis pastoral and light Who invented the printing press Johannes Gutenberg Only professional musicians performed secular music during the Renaissance False The two most important genres of Renaissance secular music were the chanson and the madrigal true Which of the following characterizes humanism thinking centered on human issues and individuality, inspiration from the ancient cultures of Greece and Rome, independence from tradition and religion Which genres of vocal music was NOT used in Renaissance church services the chansons What is the cantus firmus a fragment of Gregorian chant or a secular tine used as the foundation of polyphonic mass Which early Renaissance composer exerted a powerful influence on generations of composer who followed Josquin des Prez Josquins Ave Mariavirgo serena is an example of motet The text Ave Mariavirgo serena is in praise of the Virgin Mary The Renaissance motet is a sacred genre with a single Latin text True The Roman Catholic Church service that symbolically reenacts the sacrifice of Christ is the Mass The portion of the Mass that remains in every celebration of the service is called the Ordinary What was the primary language of the Mass Latin Which of the following are the movements of the Ordinary of the Mass Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Angus Dei Which of the following was a leader in the Protestant Reformation Martin Luther After the Protestant Reformation of the early 16th century, the Roman Catholic Church responded with a movement to recapture the loyalty of its people. This was known as: the Counter-Reformation Which of the following does NOT characterize music after the 1600 instrumental music was neglected The approximate dates of the Baroque period are 1600-1750 The Baroque period witnessed a shift in a musical texture to The artificially created male soprano or alto voice that dominated Baroque opera was known as the castrato The term baroque originally meant security and balance fasle A staged drama that is sung is called an opera A highly emotional song in an opera is called an aria the text of an opera is called the libretto Purcells opera Dido and Aeneas was composed for a production at a girls school The aria When I am laid in earth is unified by a ground bass on a descending chromatic scale true Luther believed that music belonged to the congregation In the Lutheran Church, the weekly hymns sung by the congregation were called chorales The expansion of the chorale with new poetry resulted in the cantata During his musical career, Johann Sebastian Bach held the position of cantor of St. Thomas Church in Leipzig, court organist and chamber musician to the duke of Weimar, court musician to the price of the Anhalt-Cothen Bachs Cantana NO 140, Wachet auf, has____ movements seven Lutheran believed that professional musicians had no place in the church service false Handels Messiah is an oratorio The stories for oratorios are generally drawn from The Bible Why was lining-out, the practice of call and response singing from the 17th centurial New England developed? most people could not read music, most people could not afford to by a pslam book, the church wanted everyone to participate equally in services William Billings best known publication is The New England Pslam-SInger Interest in Greek and Roman antiquity during the 18th century greatly influenced painting, archiecture, literature Which american president was a leading figure during the classical period Thomas Jefferson The classical period in music ranged from approx 1750-1825 Which of the following composers was NOT a master of the Viennese school Chopin Which of the following best describes the lyrical melodies of the Classical period conjunct, diatonic, and singable The system in which the aristocracy sponsored musicians is called patronage A composer can fragment a theme by dividing it into smaller units called motives In musical compositions, a theme is a musical idea that is used as a building block Which of the following best describes absolute music music without a story or text Which movement is the most highly organized and most characteristic multi movement cycle, usually presented in sonata form first Which of the following is a common characteristic of the second movement of the multi movement cycle lyrical, songful melodies In the classical multi movement cycle, the third movement is usually in ____form minute and trio A rondo is most typically found in the _____ last movement of a classical multi movement cycle last A string quartet consists of 2 violins, viola, cello The form of the slow movement of Haydns String Quartet, OP. 76, NO 3 is: theme and variations Who was Haydns principal patron Prince Esterhazy Mozarts Eine kleine Nachtmusik serenade The three main sections of sonata-allegro form are the exposition, the development, and the recapitulation What is the function of the bridge or transition in sonata-allegro form The climax of sonata-allegro form appear when the tonic returns at the recapitulation A musical setting of the Mass for the dead is called a Requiem Mozarts Requiem was his last work, incomplete at his death The Dies irae text from the Requiem Mass describes Judgement day Which of the following correctly describes the musical forces for Mozarts Requiem winds, brass, strings, timpani, choir, and four soloists The_____ accompanies the baritone voice in the Tuba mirum section of Mozarts Requiem trombone The text of Mozarts Requiem is sung in Latin During the 19th century, the Mass was sung only in church false Mozart died before finishing the Requiem, and one of his students completed the work for him true How did comic opera differ from opera seria it was sung in the vernacular, it presented down to earth plots, it featured ensembles as well as solo singing Mozarts librettist for Don Giovanni was Lorenzo de Ponte Which of the following descriptions characterizes the story of Don Giovanni It mixes elements of opera seria and opera buffa Don Giovanni attempts to console Donna Elvira, who has been betrayed by Don Giovanni himself The catalogue Aria from Mozarts Don Giovanni lists Don Giovannis conquests Comic opera generally was sung in the language of the audience, or the vernacular true Which of the following was NOT a favored sonata instrumentation during the late 18th century piano and trumpet Beethoven suffered from perhaps the most traumatic of all maladies for a musician. What was it? deafness Beethovens Piano Sonata in C sharp minor, OP 27, NO 2, was subtitled Moonlight by The poet Rellstab, shortly after the composers death Beethovens career is often divided into ____ compositional periods three Which composer both maintained and disrupted the balance of the classical style Beethoven With which symphony did Beethoven begin to expand the possibilities of the genre NO 3 The Ode to Joy is the finale of Beethovens Symphony NO 9 Which of the following best describes the opening idea of Beethovens Symphony NO 5 A four note motive Beethoven abondoned Classical principles in composing his symphonies false Beethoven wrote his two symphonies in a style similar to that of Haydn and Mozart True In spite of numerous innovations, Beethovens Symphony NO 5 has the standard four movements of the Classical symphony true Which of the following is identified as the first great creative Romantic Beethoven Which of the following does NOT describe Romanticism The 19th century saw the rise of a new social order shaped by the technological advances of the Industrial Revolution The democratic character of the Romantic moment is illustrated by sympathy for the oppressed, interest in folk culture, faith in human kind and its destiny During the 29th century, concert life began to center of the public concert hall Which of the following does NOT describe orchestra of the 19th century the size of the orchestras decreased, making for more compact ensembles A song whose text is a short lyric poem in German with piano accompaniment is called a Lied Which of the following was NOT a typical theme of Romantic Poetry praise of the virgin mary A song form in which the same melody is repeated for every stanza of text is called strophic A song that is composed from beginning to end without repetition of whole sections is called through composed Schubert and his friends organized evening gatherings or artists, writers, an musicians, called: Schubertiads Which of the musical devices does Shubert use to portray the childs terror in Elfking high range and dissonance Schuberts sing Elfking is a setting of a ballad written by Goethe Which 19th century American composer is best remember for his parlor songs and minstrel show tunes Stephen Foster Which of the following best describes minstrelsy shows that featured performers in blackface The form of Fosters Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair is strophic Fosters Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair is based on a poem by Foster himself For the most part, 19th century Americans rejected the music of European culture false Minstrelsy created negative stereotypes of black culture true Foster intended his songs to be performed by professional singers only false Instrumental music endowed with literary, philosophical, or pictorial associations is called program music Which of the following compositions is LEAST likely to be an example of program music String Quartet in B-flat Major Music composed without literary or pictorial meanings is called absolute music Berliozs Symphonie fantastique is an example of an program symphony Which of the following inspired Berliozs Symphonie fantastique the actress Harriet Smithson The Dies Irae is a chant from the Mass for the Dead In the Symphonie fantastique, Berloiz used a recurrent theme that he called the idee fixe, symbolizing the beloved true The finale to the Symphonie fantastique projects a satanic character true The librettist for Wagners music dramas was Wagner himself Wagner chose to base his early opera on medieval German epics Wagners cycle of four music dramas is called The Ring of the Nibelung Wagners total artwork, in which all the arts-music, poetry, drama, visual spectacle are fused together is called the Gesamtkunstwerk In Wagners Ring of the Nibelung, who are the Valkyries the nine daughters of Wotan The artistic trends of the early 20th century can be best characterized as a reaction against Romanticism The center of music publishing in New York was called Tin Pan Alley Which American musician introduced ragtime and early jazz styles to France during WW 1 Scott Joplin The element of melody in 20th century music is best characterized by wide leaps and dissonant intervals Avant-garde artists sought to distinguish themselves from traditional high culture and from mass market tastes true The Depression had little impact on the performing arts false Which of the following describes dissonance It played a large role in 20th century music Which of the following does NOT characterize the musical language of Expressionism extended passages of consonance Music that rejects the framework of key is described as atonal Schoenberg created a new style in which vocal melodies were spoken rather than sung with exact pitches and rhythms. This was known as Sprechstimme Klangfarbenmelodie refers to a style that gives each other note of a melody to a different instrument The melodies in Expressionistic music usually were conjunct false Which of the following music genres developed around the turn of the 20th century and incorporates elements of African music and Western popular and art music jazz Which American city is considered the birthplace of Jazz New Orleans Which instrument did Louis Armstrong play trumpet Louis Armstrongs instrument-like approach to singing is called scat singing Which american jazz composer was a also a pianist and a master of a bid-band orchestration Duke Ellington Bid band swing was the dominant form of American popular music in the 1930s and 1940s true

Is digital marketing a force for good or evil Use academic references Essay

Is digital marketing a force for good or evil Use academic references and practical examples to critically address this question - Essay Example nique that is used for the promotion of the products and services using the database-driven online distribution channels so as to reach the consumers in the relevant, cost-effective and personal manner. The digital marketing includes: online marketing such as website optimisation, Search Engine Optimisation, Video Search Engine Optimisation (VSEM), Social Media Optimisation (SMO), blogs & forums, online display advertising, and email marketing, mobile marketing such as messaging, mobile internet, and App Advertising, eMedia marketing such as video, audio, and the content delivered through the electronic devices. Despite businesses changing drastically into the digital marketing, the digital age has brought both the good and evil part. This paper will investigate the good and evil part of digital marketing. The emergence of the digital marketing has changed the modern market. Despite some of the limitation of the digital marketing in terms of the bandwidth, the diffusion and the technological issues, many of the offline transactions are now being replicated online in a quite successful manner (Boone, & Kurtz, 2013). Though this is comprehensive, it’s not yet exhaustive. The value of the examination of the list of the dual platform behaviours recognizes that digital marketing can affect certain aspects of the marketing behaviour via its unique features it presents to consumers, both negatively and positively. The increased competition, high costs and rivalry among firms demands that organisations establish long-term relationships with the customers to be able to retain and increase their market shares (Casalo et al., 2008). With relationship marketing winning, businesses are turning to digital marketing to understand consumers’ behaviours and to encourage brand loyalty and involvement. Additionally, digital marketing derives some benefits such as the perceived value, customer loyalty, and commitment. Customer loyalty can be defined as the perceived form of re-